Saturday, 28 February 2015

Can you extinguish the flame of a philosophy? The Marquis de Sade


The Marquis de Sade had a rather large problem in his lifetime.  He was living in an age where an idea of God had been created, and this generally accepted idea did not allow for any of the ideas Sade spoke about. there was an idea that God was virtuous, eudaimonic and restrained itself from any profane or hedonistic ways.
But this idea of God was challenged by de Sade.  He said
“The idea of God is, I admit, the only wrong that I cannot forgive man for!”

And the church were neither impressed by him when he said:

“Religion is incoherent when it comes to liberty.  No man can be free who pledges himself to a Christian god.  Niether its dogmas, its rites, its mysteries or its morals will suit a Republican”

French Revolution era, this ‘God reality’ was so buttress strong that even Robespierre, the great revolutionary, who broke down the French Landed Gentry system and Louis 16th, was shocked by De Sade too and imprisoned him.
Robespierre certainly did not approve, especially when Sade said that

“Where does the revolution lead?  To the disappearance of the individual, to the death of choice to uniformity”


Sade, at an early age, began living the life of a libertine and took the obstinate path of extremism into excess, almost to the level of fanaticism.  He was so determined to be a free spirit, he was even prepared to be imprisoned and even die for it.  It was Apollinaire in 1909 who was the first to publish some of his works, and then made legal in 1958 by the lawyer Maurice Garçon who argued that there were parallel ideas in Bataille, Cocteau and Breton.

His fantasies of torture, humiliation, assassination were some of the practices in his imagination which filled people with fear and caused his imprisonment.  However, behind prison bars his imagination blossomed and in his enclosure his imagination knew no bounds.
120 days of Sodom was produced imprisoned between 1772 and 



1784.  Later Justine was publish in 1791. 


His vision of the world is entirely conditioned by his desire.  He took a rather Indian God ‘Shiva’ viewpoint, saying that 

“Destructive forces are just as much a part of the world as the creative forces”

He believed man to be part of nature and that, nature was violent and therefore natural cruelty, end, death are also natural.

He said 

“Cruelty, far from being a vice, is the first feeling imprinted on us by nature”

He even argued that religious practices, such as martyrdom were infact our desire to practice in pain and ‘sado-masochism’.


As an artist he was swallowed up by the dark contemplations of his soul. 

“To see is to believe, but to feel is to be sure!” he said.

Erotic images were always censured during his era, but he invited people to examine the contradictions in our conscience and the phenomenal vastness of our desires.

He said that 

“Virtue, which is only a state of inertia and rest, can never lead to happiness”

His belief was that imagination led to happiness.  

“All happiness of man is in imagination” and it was this idea that inspired surrealist artists such as Bunuel, Pasolini, Peter Brook, where the nurturing of dream archaic language where the mind has no control and images run riot, that practiced this creative process.

Sade once said that

“We take a stand against the passions without imagining that this is the very flame lighting up philosophy itself”

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Ten reasons to go to an orgy
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